1. Osculating Circle

2. Osculating circle at this point

3. Osculating circle of this curve

4. Osculating circle of a curve at a point

5. The center of the osculating circle to a curve

6. Binormal definition, the normal to a curve, lying perpendicular to the osculating plane at a given point on the curve

7. The colour photographs taken by the author prove that it was a circular halo of 22 degrees, circumscribed by a doubly osculating oval, as theoretically studied byA.

8. Binormal definition is - the normal to a twisted curve at a point of the curve that is perpendicular to the osculating plane of the curve at that point.